Maternal Trypanosoma cruzi infection upregulates capacity of uninfected neonate cells To produce pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Cytokines, key players to turn on/off the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi innate defense mechanisms

The early host resistance against Trypanosoma cruzi infection depends on a complex interplay among cytokines, chemical mediators and cells. The major innate immune mechanism against intracellular parasites in phagocytes relies on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The initial step for ROS production is the generation of superoxide anion catalyze...

Unbalanced Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Ratio and Endometriosis: A Contributive Pathogenic Role?

IL-10 Inhibits the NF-κB and ERK/MAPK-Mediated Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators by Up-Regulation of SOCS-3 in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Cardiomyocytes

Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection produces an intense inflammatory response which is critical for the control of the evolution of Chagas' disease. Interleukin (IL)-10 is one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines identified as modulator of the inflammatory reaction. This work shows that exogenous addition of IL-10 inhibited ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation and reduced inducible nitri...

Cytokine Profiling in Chagas Disease: Towards Understanding the Association with Infecting Trypanosoma cruzi Discrete Typing Units (A BENEFIT TRIAL Sub-Study)

BACKGROUND Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is an important public health problem in Latin America. The immunological mechanisms involved in Chagas disease pathogenesis remain incompletely elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore cytokine profiles and their possible association to the infecting DTU and the pathogenesis of Chagas disease. METHODS 109 sero-positi...

Wrestlers’ immune cells produce higher interleukin-6 and lower interleukin-12 and interleukin-13 in response toin vitro mitogen activation

Objective(s):Although recent investigations have shown chronic inflammation and inflammation-associated diseases might be ameliorated by exercise; little is known about the relation between exercise training with anti/pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted to compare interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) le...